A 5-year-old child and has been recently admitted to the hospital.
- A- Trust vs. mistrust
- B- Initiative vs. guilt
- C- Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
- D- Intimacy vs. isolation
The correct answer is C- Autonomy vs. shame and doubt.
Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory identifies eight stages that individuals go through throughout their lives. Each stage is characterized by a psychosocial conflict that the individual must resolve in order to develop positively.
The third stage, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, occurs between the ages of 3 and 5. During this stage, children are developing their independence and sense of self-control. They are learning to make decisions, express their opinions, and assert themselves. They are also learning to control their emotions and impulses.
A 5-year-old child who is hospitalized is likely to be experiencing challenges related to autonomy vs. shame and doubt. The child may be feeling helpless and dependent on others due to their illness. They may also be feeling ashamed or embarrassed about their condition.
Here are some of the signs that a child is developing autonomy:
- The child is able to make choices and express their preferences.
- The child is able to control their emotions and impulses.
- The child is able to assert themselves and stand up for themselves.
Here are some of the signs that a child is struggling with shame and doubt:
- The child is hesitant to make choices or express their preferences.
- The child is easily discouraged and gives up easily.
- The child is afraid of making mistakes.
Parents and caregivers can help children develop autonomy by providing them with opportunities to make choices, express their opinions, and assert themselves. They can also help children by praising their efforts and accomplishments, and by providing them with a safe and secure environment.
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