Genetic Engineering paleontological.. Interpretation of evolutionary relations or historical events on a molecular basis in order to shed light on the biological history of life on Earth

Excavations are a term used to describe the remains of plant or animal habitats, whether complete or incomplete, or the effect that the living organism leaves or is stored in rocks or geological deposits before the emergence of modern humans. The fossil is the translation of the word "fossil" in English, which is derived from the Latin verb fosere (digging), and it was called on anything that is extracted from the earth, whether organic or inorganic, mineral or rock. This use prevailed until the sixteenth century. Many scientists and scholars have encountered such excavations, but their outlook was different from what is now understood.
The body of living organisms consists of cells, each cell made up of a cytoplasm and nucleus, and the nucleus of each cell is a small dark ball when pigmented, carrying the DNA molecule. In the cytoplasm outside the nucleus, the cell carries another genetic material in the mitochondria or sphincters. Ancient DNA is the genetic material, whether nuclear or spurious, extracted from fossils, whether human, animal or plant. They are used to interpret evolutionary relationships or historical events on a molecular basis, in order to shed light on the biological history of life on Earth. It is worth mentioning that the first research published in the field of isolating the genetic material was in 1984.