What is oral candidiasis?
Oral candidiasis, commonly known as thrush, is a fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of the Candida fungus, specifically Candida albicans. The characteristic signs of oral thrush include the presence of white plaques or creamy, milk-like patches on the tongue and oral mucosa (the lining of the mouth).
Information about the disease:
Here are some key points about oral candidiasis:
1. White plaques:
The most typical feature of oral thrush is the presence of white or cream-colored plaques that resemble cottage cheese or milk curds. These plaques can appear on the tongue, inner cheeks, palate, gums, and throat.
2. Discomfort or pain:
The affected areas may be sore, and patients may experience discomfort or a burning sensation in the mouth. In severe cases, swallowing difficulties and loss of taste may occur.
3. Risk factors:
Certain factors can increase the risk of developing oral candidiasis. These include a weakened immune system, such as in individuals with HIV/AIDS or those undergoing chemotherapy, the use of certain medications (such as corticosteroids or antibiotics), uncontrolled diabetes, poor oral hygiene, and wearing dentures that do not fit properly.
4. Treatment:
Treatment for oral thrush typically involves antifungal medications. These medications may be administered topically in the form of oral rinses or lozenges, or systemically as oral tablets or intravenous formulations in severe cases. It is important to follow the prescribed treatment regimen and complete the full course of medication, even if symptoms improve.
5. Prevention:
Maintaining good oral hygiene is essential in preventing oral candidiasis. This includes brushing the teeth twice a day, flossing regularly, and rinsing the mouth after using corticosteroid inhalers or taking medications that can increase the risk of thrush. For individuals wearing dentures, it is important to clean and disinfect them regularly.
If you suspect you have oral candidiasis, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional, such as a dentist or physician, for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. They can evaluate your symptoms, perform a physical examination, and prescribe the necessary antifungal medications if needed.
