which of the following may cause gingival enlargement:
- a- phenyntoin (dilantin)***
- b- cyclosporine
- c- nifedipine ( a calcium channel blocker)
- d- aspirin
- e- none of the above
The correct answer is a- phenyntoin (dilantin).
Gingival enlargement, also known as drug-induced gingival hyperplasia (DIGH), is a common side effect of certain medications, including phenytoin (Dilantin). Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication used to treat seizures. It is thought that phenytoin causes gingival enlargement by interfering with the normal growth and development of gingival tissue.
The other answer choices are less likely to cause gingival enlargement:
b- Cyclosporine:
Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant medication used to prevent organ rejection after transplant. It is not typically associated with gingival enlargement.
c- Nifedipine (a calcium channel blocker):
Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure. It is not typically associated with gingival enlargement.
d- Aspirin:
Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain, fever, and inflammation. NSAIDs can cause some minor gingival overgrowth, but it is not as common or severe as drug-induced gingival hyperplasia.
e- None of the above:
While the other answer choices may cause some minor gingival changes, phenytoin (Dilantin) is the most likely cause of significant gingival enlargement.
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