base-plus fog is a result of:
- 1. blue –tinted film base
- 2. chemical development
- 3. the manufacturing
- a. 1 only
- b. 2 only
- c. 1 and 3 only
- d. 1,2 and 3
The correct answer is b. 2 only.
Here's why:
Base-plus fog refers to the minimum density a film can achieve, even in unexposed areas. It's essentially the combined density of the film base itself and the unavoidable minimum background density added during chemical development.
- Blue-tinted film base (1):
While some film bases might have a slight blue tint, it's not the primary contributor to base-plus fog. The tint itself doesn't directly affect the density of unexposed areas.
- Chemical development (2):
This is the main factor contributing to base-plus fog. During development, even without light exposure, some silver halide grains in the emulsion react with the developer, creating a minimal level of density. This unavoidable background density is what contributes to the base-plus fog level.
- Manufacturing (3):
While the manufacturing process can influence the overall sensitivity and characteristics of the film, it doesn't directly determine the base-plus fog level. The primary factor for that is the chemical development process itself.
Therefore, only chemical development directly contributes to the base-plus fog. The other options either play a minor role or are not directly responsible for its formation.
