In Water's view of the skull for P.N.S:
- A- Patient is standing or sitting.
- B- M.S.P. is perpendicular to the cassette.
- C- Orbito-meatal line is perpendicular to the cassette.
- D- All are true.
- E- All are wrong.
The correct answer for Water's view of the skull for P.N.S is D. All are true.
Here's why:
Water's view (Parietoacanthial projection) is a radiographic examination used to visualize the maxillary sinuses. It's named after Charles Arthur Waters, the American radiologist who developed it in 1920.
Positioning for Water's view:
- Patient position:
The patient is standing or sitting with their chin up and slightly tilted towards the X-ray tube. This position ensures the maxillary sinuses are aligned with the X-ray beam.
- Central ray:
The central ray of the X-ray beam is perpendicular to the cassette and angled 45 degrees to the orbitomeatal line. This angulation allows for clear visualization of the maxillary sinuses while minimizing overlap from other structures.
- Orbitomeatal line:
The orbitomeatal line is an imaginary line drawn from the inner corner of the eye to the external auditory meatus. In Water's view, the orbitomeatal line is also perpendicular to the cassette, further ensuring proper alignment of the maxillary sinuses.
Therefore, all three options (A, B, and C) are true for Water's view of the skull for P.N.S.
Additional Points:
Here are some additional points to note:
- Water's view is often used in conjunction with other radiographic views, such as the Caldwell view, to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the paranasal sinuses.
- Water's view is generally well-tolerated by patients and does not require any special preparation.
- The use of Water's view has declined somewhat in recent years with the advent of computed tomography (CT) scans, which offer more detailed images of the paranasal sinuses. However, Water's view remains a valuable tool for diagnosis in certain cases.
