A 67-year-old male client has been complaining of sleeping more, increased urination, anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain that interferes with her going outdoors.
- a- Diabetes mellitus
- b- Diabetes insipidus
- c- Hypoparathyroidism
- d- Hyperparathyroidism
Answer D.
Hyperparathyroidism is most common in older women and is characterized by bone pain and weakness from excess parathyroid hormone (PTH).Clients also exhibit hypercaliuria-causing polyuria. While clients with diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus polyuria.
Hyperparathyroidism:
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which the parathyroid glands, located in the neck, produce too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). This hormone is responsible for regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. When there is too much PTH, it can lead to a number of symptoms and complications.
In the case of the 67-year-old male client, the symptoms described are consistent with hyperparathyroidism. Increased urination can occur due to high levels of calcium in the blood, which can also lead to anorexia and weakness. Bone pain is also a common symptom of hyperparathyroidism, as excess PTH can cause the bones to weaken and become more susceptible to fractures. Irritability and depression can occur due to the effects of hypercalcemia on the nervous system.
The diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism:
The diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is typically made through blood tests that measure calcium and PTH levels. Imaging tests such as ultrasound or a sestamibi scan may also be used to locate any abnormal growths on the parathyroid glands.
Treatment of hyperparathyroidism:
Treatment of hyperparathyroidism typically involves surgery to remove the abnormal gland or glands. In some cases, medications may be used to lower calcium levels in the blood. It is important to manage hyperparathyroidism, as untreated cases can lead to serious complications such as osteoporosis, kidney stones, and even kidney failure.
In summary, hyperparathyroidism can present with a range of symptoms including increased urination, anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain. If hyperparathyroidism is suspected, it is important to seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment.
