When examining a female client’s genitourinary system, nurse Sally assesses for tenderness at the costovertebral angle by placing the left hand over this area and striking it with the right fist. Normally, this percussion technique produces which sound?
a- A flat sound
b- A dull sound
c- Hyperresonance
d- Tympany
Answer B.
Percussion over the costovertebral angle normally produces a dull, thudding sound, which is soft to moderately loud with a moderate pitch and duration. This sound occurs over less dense, mostly fluid-filled matter, such as the kidneys, liver, and spleen. In contrast, a flat sound occurs over highly dense matter such as muscle; hyperresonance occurs over the air-filled, overinflated lungs of a client with pulmonary emphysema or the lungs of a child (because of a thin chest wall); and tympany occurs over enclosed structures containing air, such as the stomach and bowel.
-----------------------
The genitourinary or urogenital apparatus is formed by the urinary system, which is common in both sexes, plus the genital apparatus of each of them, male genitals and female genitals.
Definition:
The urinary and genital devices have different functions, however, anatomically, they have very close relationships, in addition to having a common embryonic origin. In the male, the urinary and genital tract share the urethral duct, to excrete both semen and urine.
Urinary system:
Group of organs and ducts whose function is to filter the blood to separate metabolic waste products, urine and transport it to the outside to be excreted. The urinary system consists of:
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Bladder
- Urethra
Male Genitals:
Definition:
Male genitals, also known as genital or reproductive system is composed of a set of visible and non-visible organs also called, external and internal. The male genitals have two main functions:
- Allows the arrival of sperm or semen in the vagina, allowing fertilization of the ovule.
- Share the urethral canal with the urinary tract, being part of the genitourinary tract.
Classification:
The organs that make up the male genital tract are usually divided into:
Internal Genitals:
Located inside the body. Here we find:
- Testicles
- Epididymis
- Deferential ducts
- Seminal vesicles
- Prostate
- Urethra
External genitals:
Located in the external area of the body, visible to the naked eye.
- penis
- Scrotum
Female genitals:
Definition:
Also known as the genital or reproductive system is composed of a set of organs that form a tubular structure, communicates an internal serous cavity with the outside.
Physiology:
Female genitals have two main functions:
- Allows the entry of sperm or semen into the vagina making possible the fertilization of the ovule and its subsequent nesting, which is known as pregnancy.
- Protect the internal genital organs from possible infections by disease-bearing pathogenic microorganisms.
- Since as we said the female genital system has a hole that connects the internal organs with the outside, infectious agents can penetrate producing gynecological infections or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). These diseases are usually transmitted during intercourse.
- Share the urethral canal with the urinary tract, being part of the genitourinary tract.
Classification:
The organs that make up the female genital tract are usually divided into:
Internal Genitals:
Located inside the body. Here we find:
- Vagina
- Uterus
- Cervix
- Fallopian tube
- Ovaries
External genitals:
Located in the external area of the body, visible to the naked eye.
- Vulva
- Big lips
- Minor lips
- Mamas Clitoris
a- A flat sound
b- A dull sound
c- Hyperresonance
d- Tympany
Answer B.
Percussion over the costovertebral angle normally produces a dull, thudding sound, which is soft to moderately loud with a moderate pitch and duration. This sound occurs over less dense, mostly fluid-filled matter, such as the kidneys, liver, and spleen. In contrast, a flat sound occurs over highly dense matter such as muscle; hyperresonance occurs over the air-filled, overinflated lungs of a client with pulmonary emphysema or the lungs of a child (because of a thin chest wall); and tympany occurs over enclosed structures containing air, such as the stomach and bowel.
-----------------------
The genitourinary or urogenital apparatus is formed by the urinary system, which is common in both sexes, plus the genital apparatus of each of them, male genitals and female genitals.
Definition:
The urinary and genital devices have different functions, however, anatomically, they have very close relationships, in addition to having a common embryonic origin. In the male, the urinary and genital tract share the urethral duct, to excrete both semen and urine.
Urinary system:
Group of organs and ducts whose function is to filter the blood to separate metabolic waste products, urine and transport it to the outside to be excreted. The urinary system consists of:
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Bladder
- Urethra
Male Genitals:
Definition:
Male genitals, also known as genital or reproductive system is composed of a set of visible and non-visible organs also called, external and internal. The male genitals have two main functions:
- Allows the arrival of sperm or semen in the vagina, allowing fertilization of the ovule.
- Share the urethral canal with the urinary tract, being part of the genitourinary tract.
Classification:
The organs that make up the male genital tract are usually divided into:
Internal Genitals:
Located inside the body. Here we find:
- Testicles
- Epididymis
- Deferential ducts
- Seminal vesicles
- Prostate
- Urethra
External genitals:
Located in the external area of the body, visible to the naked eye.
- penis
- Scrotum
Female genitals:
Definition:
Also known as the genital or reproductive system is composed of a set of organs that form a tubular structure, communicates an internal serous cavity with the outside.
Physiology:
Female genitals have two main functions:
- Allows the entry of sperm or semen into the vagina making possible the fertilization of the ovule and its subsequent nesting, which is known as pregnancy.
- Protect the internal genital organs from possible infections by disease-bearing pathogenic microorganisms.
- Since as we said the female genital system has a hole that connects the internal organs with the outside, infectious agents can penetrate producing gynecological infections or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). These diseases are usually transmitted during intercourse.
- Share the urethral canal with the urinary tract, being part of the genitourinary tract.
Classification:
The organs that make up the female genital tract are usually divided into:
Internal Genitals:
Located inside the body. Here we find:
- Vagina
- Uterus
- Cervix
- Fallopian tube
- Ovaries
External genitals:
Located in the external area of the body, visible to the naked eye.
- Vulva
- Big lips
- Minor lips
- Mamas Clitoris
